Turbulent flow is a complex and chaotic type of fluid flow characterized by unpredictable fluctuations in velocity, pressure, and other flow properties. It is typically observed at high flow rates or in systems with high Reynolds numbers, where the inertial forces dominate over viscous forces. Turbulent flow is characterized by the formation of vortices, eddies, and other turbulent structures that contribute to mixing and transport of momentum, energy, and mass within the flow. Research in turbulent flow involves studying the physical mechanisms, dynamics, and scaling properties of turbulence, as well as developing models and methods to analyze and predict turbulent flows in various engineering and environmental applications. This research area plays a critical role in fields such as aerospace, automotive, fluid dynamics, and environmental engineering, where understanding and controlling turbulent flows are essential for optimizing design and performance of systems.